This White Paper provides in-depth information on Waste-to-Energy and its benefits. It emphasises the need for citizens and municipal authorities to change their attitude towards waste and calls for serious efforts to reduce waste, recover recyclable materials, return nutrients to the ecosystem as well as derive energy from waste, for achieving ecologically sustainable development. This Paper was prepared against the backdrop of the Conference on Sustainable Waste Management, held on 16 May 2017 at Kolkata.